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John was Clarke at birth - just recorded as Allen on a couple of censuses, as was his sister Mary.

I've given you the marriage of his mother to Allen - 1859

AND the births of her children with Allen, showing her maiden name

Thank you... no I hadn't done any research on John's mother Sarah as I wasn't 100 % sure she was the right one. But I've found out William and Sarah were witnesses to John and Alice's wedding. I'm wondering also, on the census he is down as John Allen but then he must have taken his mum's name which I presume was Clarke. I never knew about his brothers/sisters either. So Mary is also illegitimate.

The first William must have died..........this is the birth of the one shown on 1871 census records

ALLEN, WILLIAM CLARKE
GRO Reference: 1865 D Quarter in LEICESTER Volume 07A Page 208

Death
ALLEN, WILLIAM 0
GRO Reference: 1861 S Quarter in LEICESTER Volume 07A Page 139

1871

Name: Sarah Allen
Age: 40
Estimated birth year: 1831
Relation: Wife
Gender: Female
Where born: Leicestershire England
Civil Parish: St Margaret
Ecclesiastical parish: St Luke and St Matthew
Town: Leicester
County/Island: Leicestershire
Country: England
Registration district: Leicester
Sub-registration district: East Leicester
ED, institution, or vessel: 41
Household schedule number: 46
Piece: 3274
Folio: 8
Page Number: 9
Household Members:
Name Age
William Allen 38
Sarah Allen 40
John Allen 17
Mary A Allen 14
Elizabeth Allen 12
William Allen 5

1861

Name: Sarah Allen
Age: 28
Estimated birth year: 1833
Relation: Wife
Spouse's name: William Allen
Gender: Female
Where born: Leicestershire, England
Civil Parish: Leicester St Mary
Ecclesiastical parish: St Mary
Town: Leicester
County/Island: Leicestershire
Country: England
Registration district: Leicester
Sub-registration district: West Leicester
ED, institution, or vessel: 9
Neighbors: View others on page
Household schedule number: 107
Piece: 2294
Folio: 13
Page Number: 19
Household Members:
Name Age
William Allen 27
Sarah Allen 28
John Allen 7
Mary A Allen 4
Elizabeth Allen 2
William Allen 4months

ALLEN, WILLIAM (MMN) CLARKE
GRO Reference: 1860 D Quarter in LEICESTER Volume 07A Page 194

ALLEN, ELIZABETH (MMN) CLARKE
GRO Reference: 1859 M Quarter in LEICESTER Volume 07A Page 211

The older daughter was also illegitimate (no MMN on GRO records)

CLARKE, MARY ANN -
GRO Reference: 1856 D Quarter in LEICESTER Volume 07A Page 206

??????????

Marriages Mar 1859 (>99%)
Allen William Leicester 7a 276
Clark Sarah Leicester 7a 276

William ALLEN would not be the father of John CLARKE.

He is probably his stepfather ('son in law' often meant stepson in those days) - have you done any research regarding John's mother?

You said there was no father's name on his marriage cert, so John was illegitimate

Would Sarah and William Allen be the mother and father of John Clarke, why do they have different surnames and why does it say son-in-law ??

Below could relate looking at 1861...

Chris :)

24 June 1864 - Leicester Journal - Leicester, Leicestershire, England

Death
On the 18th inst. aged 34, Jane; wife of Mr. William Doubleday, George-street


Edits (an old 'Thread', another Member looking for Marriage of above couple)

http://www.genesreunited.co.uk/boards/board/ancestors/thread/1326224

Thank you everyone for your help, I appreciate it :-)

this looks like ellen clarkes death in Westmorland john was a widow in 1871 census

Deaths Mar 1869   (>99%)

Clarke
 Ellen
 45
 E. Ward
 10b
421

Name
John Clarke
County
Westmorland
Event Type
Census
Event Date
1861
Event Place
Appleby, Westmorland, England
Registration District
East Ward
Residence Note
Main Street
Gender
Male
Age
7
Occupation
Scholar
Relationship to Head of Household
Son
Birth Year (Estimated)
1854
Birthplace
Loughborough, Leicestershire
Page Number
6
Registration Number
RG09
Piece/Folio
3956 / 6
Affiliate Record Type
Household
Household
Role
Sex
Age
Birthplace
John Clarke
Head
M
47
Longborough, Leicestershire
Ellen Clarke
Wife
F
37
Market Overton, Rutland
John Clarke
Son
M
7
Loughborough, Leicestershire
Ann J Clarke
Daughter
F
4
Appleby, Westmorland

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John Clarke
England and Wales Census, 1871
Name
John Clarke
Event Type
Census
Event Date
1871
Event Place
Appleby, Appleby, Westmorland, England
Enumeration District
1
Gender
Male
Age
17
Marital Status
U
Occupation
Drapers Apprentice
Relationship to Head of Household
Son
Birth Year (Estimated)
1854
Birthplace
Loughborough, Leicestershire
Entry Number
8
Affiliate Image Identifier
GBC/1871/5269/0016
Household
Role
Sex
Age
Birthplace
John Clarke
Head
M
57
Loughborough, Leicestershire
John Clarke
Son
M
17
Loughborough, Leicestershire
Ann Clarke
Daughter
F
15
Appleby, Westmorland
Ellen Clarke
Daughter
F
10
Appleby, Westmorland
William Clarke
Son
M
8
Appleby, Westmorland
Henry Clarke
Son
M
6
Appleby, Westmorland

John Clarke
England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975
christening:
30 January 1854
ALL SAINTS, LOUGHBOROUGH, LEICESTER, ENGLAND
father:
John Clarke
mother:
Ellen

?

1861 England, Wales & Scotland Census Transcription
3, Lee Street, St Margaret, Leicester, Leicestershire, England


John Clarke Head Married Male 28 1833 Wheelwright Kilby, Leicestershire, England Transcription
Eliza Jane Clarke Wife Married Female 30 1831 Wheelwright Wife Lutterworth, Leicestershire, England
John Clarke Son Unmarried Male 8 1853 - Yelvertoft, Northamptonshire, England
Elizabeth Clarke Daughter - Female 4 1857 - Leire, Leicestershire, England
William Clarke Son - Male 2 1859 - Burbage, Leicestershire, England

Alice with her mother's family?
1871 England, Wales & Scotland Census Transcription
Bedford Street, St Margaret, Leicester, Leicestershire, England


Benjamin Bordole Head - Male 37 1834 - Leicestershire, England Transcription
Rebecca Bordole Wife - Female 38 1833 - Leicestershire, England
Mary Bordole Daughter - Female 12 1859 - Leicestershire, England
John Bordole Son - Male 6 1865 - Leicestershire, England
James Bordole Son - Male 4 1867 - Leicestershire, England
Sarah Bordole Daughter - Female 2 1869 - Leicestershire, England
Sarah A Bordole Niece - Female 19 1852 - Leicestershire, England
Alice Bordole Niece - Female 17 1854 - Leicestershire, England

Births Mar 1852 (>99%)
DOUBLEDAY Sarah Ann Bordoli Leicester 7a 166

DOUBLEDAY, SARAH ANN BORDOLI BORDOLI Order
GRO Reference: 1852 M Quarter in LEICESTER Volume 07A Page 166

just trying to see if John was living anywhere near Alice before the marriage

1861 England, Wales & Scotland Census Transcription
20, George Street, St Margarets, Leicester, Leicestershire, England

Joanna Doubleday Wife Married Female 31 1830 Sock Stitcher St Martins, Leicestershire, England T
Sarah Doubleday Daughter Unmarried Female 9 1852 Scholar St Margaret's, Leicestershire, England
Alice Doubleday Daughter Unmarried Female 6 1855 Scholar St Margaret's, Leicestershire, England
Adelaide Doubleday Daughter Unmarried Female 0 1861 - St Margaret's, Leicestershire, England

DOUBLEDAY, ADELAIDE BORDELL Order
GRO Reference: 1860 J Quarter in LEICESTER Volume 07A Page 177

DOUBLEDAY, ALICE BORDOLE Order
GRO Reference: 1854 J Quarter in LEICESTER Volume 07A Page 220

In the 1891 census posted above by Nyx the family are living at All Saints Road.

There is this baptism in All Saints Church which could be a possible:-

Leicestershire baptisms Transcription

First name(s) John
Last name Clarke
Birth year 1854
Baptism year 1854
Baptism date 30 Jan 1854
Baptism place Loughborough, All Saints
Denomination Anglican
County Leicestershire
Country England
Father's first name(s) John
Archive Record Office for Leicestershire, Leicester & Rutland
Archive reference DE667/9
Page 295
Record set Leicestershire Baptisms

Kath. x

1881 England, Wales & Scotland Census Transcription
39, Farnham Street, Leicester St Margaret, Leicester, Leicestershire, England

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Print transcription View image Household Members
First name(s) Last name Relationship Marital status Gender Age Birth year Occupation Birth place
William Allen Head Married Male 48 1833 Railway Labourer Belper, Derbyshire, England Transcription
Sarah Allen Wife Married Female 50 1831 - Leicester, Leicestershire, England
John Clark Son In Law Married Male 28 1853 Shoe Finisher Leicester, Leicestershire, England
Alice Clark Wife Married Female 27 1854 - Leicester, Leicestershire, England
Albert E Clark Son Single Male 5 1876 Scholar Leicester, Leicestershire, England
Fred W Clark Son Single Male 3 1878 Scholar Leicester, Leicestershire, England

just for confirmation as the above are with Allen family
CLARKE, ALBERT EDWARD DOUBLEDAY Order
GRO Reference: 1876 M Quarter in LEICESTER Volume 07A Page 259